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ANNOUNCEMENTS &
NEW ITEMS:
(In reverse chronological order)
(2023 January): DSSU Cosmology is now into its 22nd year
on the Internet —the revolution continues.
(2022 December 28): Now PUBLISHED !
“Laws of Physics Twentieth-Century Scientists
Overlooked”
Available on AMAZON.com
and on
amazon.ca
(2022 November 11): Remembrance Day in Canada (Veterans Day in USA,
Remembrance Sunday in Britain). Take a moment to reflect on the Allied
scheme for genocide: The Morgenthau Plan.
"After World War II ended, some in the Allied coalition
wanted to crush the already-prostrate German nation for standing up to its
banker-dominated New World Order agenda. Drafted by the Soviets and
initially scrapped, it was resurrected after the war for the sole purpose of
genociding as many Germans as possible." –The Barnes Review Vol.28, No.6
(2022 Nov) page 54
(2022 August 30): Press Release (2022 August).
(2022 August 20): The 20-year quest for the ultimate truth has paid off
… We now know how the energy of the Universe is continuously replenished.
The details are revealed in the Open Access Article “Mainspring
Mechanism of the Universe” published in the International Journal of
Cosmology, Astronomy and Astrophysics. Presented is the four-process
mechanism that drives and sustains the grand Cosmic system —now and forever.
Hi-resolution REPRINT.
Meanwhile … the decline of Western Civilization continues. Let us not
forget Ayn Rand’s warning:
“When you see that in order to produce, you need to obtain permission
from men who produce nothing – When you see that money is flowing to those
who deal, not in goods, but in favors – When you see that men get richer by
graft and by pull than by work, and your laws don’t protect you against them
but protect them against you – When you see corruption being rewarded and
honesty becoming a self-sacrifice – You may know that your society is
doomed.” –A. Rand, Atlas Shrugged, 1957
(2022 August 12): In the Just Right Media
program #771, Robert Metz reveals one of the great secrets of our
Universe. The Universe was never created! It had no beginning! … The
elegant and profound reasoning substantiating this claim is presented in the
fourth-quarter segment of the August 11th podcast.
(2022 August 1): The third DSSU book is ready for publication.
Particulars: Laws of Physics
20th-Century Scientists Overlooked
(2022 July 1): Current project: The third DSSU book is nearing
completion.
(2022 February 13-15): Dresden Hellstorm days of
remembrance. Ask yourself, what could possibly motivate a people to
machinate and implement the total destruction of the most beautiful and
cultural city on the planet? Search deeply into your inner self, and reflect
on the mind-polluting power of indoctrination.
Remembering Dresden 77 years after the terror bombing.
(2022 January 1): The "Directory" webpage has been updated.
(2021 December 24): Research article Steady State Cosmic Structure,
after long delays, has finally been publishing. Seven prominent journals,
reviewed the Paper, reported no errors, but refused to publish. The evidence
presented is incontrovertible —absolutely devastating for the orthodox
paradigm! Our steady state Universe is not expanding. (Reprint.)
Meanwhile, in the struggle for freedom:
Congratulations! to Dr James Sears on receiving the
George Orwell Free
Speech Award for 2021. Dr Sears, 58 years old, was a political
prisoner in Toronto until his early release a few weeks ago, in October.
He’s been described as a “Brilliant satirist, researcher, writer, free
speech warrior & dedicated anti-masker.”
(2021 November 19): WOW! This is a “first” for the DSSU. Journal
editors/reviewers have come up with a new excuse for rejecting DSSU research
articles: “serious concerns about ethical issues in the manuscript.”
… What are these ethical issues? They won’t say. What moral principle have
I, the author, violated? Whatever it is, they’re keeping it secret! … And
all the while, after 20 years, still unable to find flaws on legitimate
scientific grounds! Stay tuned.
Meanwhile:
Decline of civilization: “Vancouver
(Canada) School Board phases out honours programs in high schools”
(2021-6-16) This linked article is about the discontinuation of English,
math, and science courses for high achievers! All in the name of
Egalitarianism —the ideology of Marxism/communism!
(2021 November 5): Another DSSU article has been published:
Centrifugal Effect Negation,
(Applied Physics Research journal Vol.13,No.2).
Meanwhile:
Ongoing Enslavement and Suicide: Wake up people! We are
in the thick of a long multi-generational Total Psychological World War.
The choice is simple; either face up to this reality, or fool yourself and
succumb to its evil outcome. Always remember, International Communism
planned, implemented, and WON the utterly disastrous Second World War.
People who are not aware of these historical facts are casualties — the
gullible losers— of the first ever Psychological World War.
(2021 Oct 8): Three important DSSU papers are under seemingly
endless peer review!!
Meanwhile: My prediction proved to be correct. A critical
number of Indoctrinated Canadians in last month’s national election rejected
“life, liberty and property” —the three essentials for Freedom. They
voted in favor of the police-state Trudeau Tyranny and a continuation of the
invasion of the country! And so, the suicidal decline continues.
(2021 September 18):
War against civilization:
The truth is out: The Covid-19 vaccine IS the real pathogen! “It’s a
stealth weapon in an entirely new kind of war; a war aimed at restructuring
the global order and establishing absolute social control.” –https://www.paulcraigroberts.org/2021/09/18/the-most-important-article-on-mrna-vaccination-you-will-ever-read/
(2021 September 10): Currently two DSSU research articles are being peer
reviewed.
Meanwhile:
Suicidal decline of Western civilization: “Given that the PPC
is Canada’s only federal party on the Right, those who proclaim to believe
in the values of ‘life, liberty and property’ have only one choice in
this election: the People’s Party of Canada.” –Robert Metz
(2021-9-2)
I predict that the majority of Canadian voters
(with the election on Sept 20) will reject this sensible choice. They simply
do not sufficiently value ‘life, liberty and property’ —the three
essentials for Freedom. And so, sadly, the decline continues. –C.R.
(2021 August 20): It’s a special day. Today marks the 20th anniversary of
the founding of DSSU cosmology. It is also the 20th anniversary of the
passing of the greatest astrophysicist of the 20th century, Sir Fred Hoyle
(1915-2001). The original plan was to celebrate this date by announcing the
greatest discovery to emerge from DSSU theory. Unfortunately, but not
unexpectedly, the Manuscript detailing the discovery was rejected. The
reason? The Reviewer alleges, and the journal Editor concurs, that the
historic Michelson-Morley experiment as a detection of aether was
fraudulent! Furthermore, these gatekeepers firmly believe that aether does
not exist! So, despite Albert Michelson having received the Nobel Prize in
Physics for his precision measurements of light, this Reviewer, who claims
to be a PhD physicist, considers those experiments fraudulent! … Conclusion:
Yes, another FAKE review.
Suicidal decline of Western civilization: “Canadian writer
and newspaperman will remain in jail as a political prisoner, a non-violent
prisoner of conscience in a Cultural Marxist ruled country that praises
“diversity” but detests “diversity” of opinion.” –[LINK]
(2021 July): We finally have a proper scientific theory of
the Universe.
An unprecedented development in the long history of cosmology. The
conservation of energy mechanism applicable to our Universe has been
discovered. Press Release
2021-7
Suicidal decline of Western civilization: "What we here in
the Unites States and in Europe are actually witnessing is the planned
destruction of Western civilization. It is no accident." ... "Every step in
the decline of Western culture has been planned for years. It started in
Germany in the early years of the 20th century. Germany was the original
target of the Communists." –The Barnes Review, 2021 July/Aug
Editorial.
Canadian
philosopher Stefan Molyneux wrote in his Freedomain Update for 2021-7-4: “…
people believe what they want to believe, facts don't seem to matter much
anymore, rational arguments get banished from public discourse —and it looks
like people are going to have to learn about the dangers of totalitarianism
through suffering, since they will not learn through history, reason,
evidence or morality.”
(2021 June 18): Part 6 of the Laws of Physics 20th-Century
Scientists Overlooked has finally been ACCEPTED for publication.
Meanwhile, after 9 long weeks, Part 7 has successfully passed the
review process. One Reviewer stated, “Interesting logical arguments …
assembled in a very well drafted and readable manuscript.” … An “excellent
manuscript.” The other Reviewer reported no problems with the Paper.
So, what was the Editors decision? … REJECT. Decision final. No reason
given. No justifying comments. Thus, truth once again has been censored!
(2021 May 14): SUMMARY of the evidence in the ongoing war against freedom
and Western Civilization: JustRightMedia
Podcast. (When listening, do recognize and disregard the anti-German
bias evident in the references to the fake Hollywood version of history.)
(2021 May 7): I was born in a police state (Communist East Germany); and
now I find myself living in another police state —Communist Canada! … No,
I’m not surprised, saw it coming for many decades, but I am always amazed.
It is a matter of knowing the nature of the beast. –CR
This week Robert Metz focused on Winning Back Our
Freedom—and why philosophy matters as he presents the compelling case
that, as “demonstrated many times in the past, the political world is and
has always been ruled by minorities. ‘Majorities’ always follow, they never
lead.”
(2021 April 16): Civilization regresses: WARNING: UNDRIP, United
Nations, and the Globalists’ huge land grab! JustRightMedia
Program #702
(2021 April 9): Cosmology advances:
Part 5 has been accepted for publication.
Part 7, just completed, is now under review.
Civilization regresses:
“Many of those driving globalist lockdown agendas have been described as
psychopaths, sociopaths, or just plain evil. There is plenty of evidence
to support all three descriptions. But how is one to judge those who
follow and support the tyrannical measures devised by this handful of
deranged collectivists? … Of course, in any objective sense, evil must
be understood to refer to those human thoughts and actions that lead to the
intentional destruction of the self or others. With Life as the standard
of the Good, Death becomes at once the symbol, the objective, and the
consequence of the moral vacuum that creates Evil itself.”
–Fear no evil—Make
evil fear you (JustRight #701; 2021-4-8)
(Except for the anti-German clichés and
misleading historical propaganda, this is an excellent program.)
(2021 March 12): The enemies of truth and promoters of unreality continue to
be active in astrophysics and cosmology. FIVE journals have now refused to
publish Part 5, with its irrefutable proof …
And they are active in our decaying society:
“Benjamin Franklin warned that It is the first responsibility
of every citizen to question authority; while Albert Einstein noted
that Blind belief in authority is the greatest enemy of truth.
Together, these words of wisdom go a long way towards explaining
our dystopian unreality. For the past year or so, we have all been
subjected to fake propaganda spewed by a fake news media about a fake
pandemic designed to scare people into getting a fake vaccine. Talk
about ‘unreality’!”
–Robert Metz (JustRightMedia, 2021-3-11)
(2021 Feb 13,14,&15): Commemorating the 76th anniversary of the greatest
terrorist event/action in the long history of mankind —the Dresden
HELLSTORM.
The tragic event —a truly epic testimony of evil— occurred in 1945. The
victims were the long-suffering German people.
(2021 Feb 5): Newly posted:
Directory of DSSU Articles and
Resources
(2021 Jan 29): Question regarding the
Higgs field versus DSSU aether.
Part 6 is currently undergoing review.
(2021 January 22):"Law of physics 20th-century scientists overlooked (Part 4):
Mass Extinction by Aether Deprivation" has been published in
JHEPGC, Vol.7,
No.1. Link
to
Abstract & Article.
MEANWHILE, (Part 5) in this series of articles contains a proof so
toxic that three astrophysics journals have refused to publish it !!
(2021 January 8): “Nothing in the mainstream media is trustworthy.”
“No one has ever been so thoroughly evil as the politicians and
scientists promoting the corona-virus fakes around the world. Never before
have people been lied to so thoroughly and consistently with such evil
purposes as we have been lied to by our present totalitarian genocidal
government. Make no mistake, this is genocide. The covid-19 fraud, the
lockdown, and the abandonment of the elderly and the sick are resulting in
the deaths of millions. In the UK the National Health Service has become the
National Death Service.”
“We are ruled by a bunch of traitors who have sold our birthright
…”
“How did they [the British people] fall for so many lies? Where is
their courage?”
“Unless we fight hard with determination, the year ahead, 2021,
will be the last we live as free men and women. That’s not rhetoric, it’s
fact!”
–Dr Vernon Coleman, 2021 Jan 2, audio clip, This is Genocide.
Transcribed from Just Right Media:
The great reckoning 2021
ANNOUNCEMENTS & comments from
earlier years are available HERE.
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The Nature of Gravitational Collapse
Subtitle: How the photon, the particle of light, is responsible for mass,
gravity, superneutron stars, and supermassive black holes
—Reveals the truth about stellar and supermassive black holes.
This work contains 311+ pages, 67 illustrations, references, and
index. …
Second printing details (2017 November)
First printing details (Lambert Academic
Publishing, 2017 July)
Guide to the Construction of the Natural Universe
Participate in a unique exploration of the Cosmos: venture into the
sub-atomic realm, even into the sub-quantum realm where the roots of reality
reside, and into the domain of cosmic-scale cell-structure and beyond to
infinity. Along the way, discover the cause of mass, the cause of
gravitation, and rediscover Einstein’s “nonponderable” aether and Heraclitus’
harmony-of-opposites principle. … The book represents the ultimate
vindication for all the skeptics who resisted the "preposterous" Big Bang
mythology and who refused to join the exploding-cosmos religion.
The book contains 317 pages, 61 illustrations, references, and
index …
Available from
C-FAR Books.
Or use this
mail-in Order Form.
(Also available at
Niagara Falls Public Library)
POPULAR RESEARCH PAPERS:
Mass-to-Energy Conversion,
the Astrophysical Mechanism –Published in Journal of High Energy
Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol.5, No.2 (2019).
HTML version.
Nature’s Supreme Mechanism
for Energy Extraction from Nonmaterial Aether –Published in
Infinite Energy
Magazine Vol.24,
Issue#144 (2019 March/April)
The Nature of Gravity –How One Factor Unifies Gravity’s Convergent,
Divergent, Vortex, and Wave Effects –Published in the International
Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol.6,
No.5, 2018.
-------------------------
Natural Mechanism for the Generation and Emission of Extreme
Energy Particles –Published in Physics Essays
Vol.31, No.3, p358 (2018). (Reprint)
-------------------------
Sachs-Wolfe Effect Disproof –Published in the International
Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol.6, No.1, 2018. (
Abstract & Links.)
"The Nature of Gravitational Collapse"
–Published in American Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics. (
Abstract and Links.)
(Note, there is a typo in AJA&A posted version in the Fig-10
caption. It should read: … acceleration is proportional to 1/r2.)
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Glossary of Terms
used in Cosmology and Astrophysics with particular emphasis on DSSU theory.
(Opens in separate Window or Tab)
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GENERAL INTEREST ARTICLES:
Mysteries & Paradoxes that Plague Standard Cosmology
(Updated 2015-7)
Cosmology Crisis of 1998 (Revised 2015-5)
Critique of Conventional Cosmology ...
comments relating to the 'preposterous' expanding-universe paradigm.
Bafflement
—the remarkable admission of a physicist.
The Cosmology Debate That Never Happened
—During the 20th century there was a decades-long debate: The cataclysmic
expanding universe VS the stable expanding universe. But there has never
been a debate of the dynamic expanding universe VS the dynamic
non-expanding universe. (Posted
2011 Oct)
Models of the Universe
—Historical, Expanding, and Cellular universes. INCLUDES USEFUL TABLES FOR
COMPARING THEORIES.
The Universe Is Infinite
(Part 1)
—overcoming a "central" problem of cosmology theories.
The Universe Is Infinite
(Part 2)
—an explanation of how the universe can always have existed and will always
exist.
DSSU, The
Non-Expanding Universe: Structure, Redshift, Distance
—A long sought-after goal of astrophysicists has been a formulation of cosmic distance that is
independent of the speed of light. The goal has now been achieved. The
present Paper details the surprisingly simple distance expression and its
validating agreement with Supernova data.
Why Copernicus Did Not Need a Force of Gravity
—Explores the question of why no one, except Newton, invoked a force.
(Re-Posted February, 2014)
Gravity and Lambda —A Story of Opposites
(.htm) —A story of opposites in harmony. Key differences between the Conventional
Cosmology and the New Cosmology are presented.
Dynamic Cosmic Cell
—The Structural Component of the DSSU —Animated image and discussion
of the self-sustaining, self-balancing system.
Why
Einstein Did Not Receive the Nobel Prize for His Theory of Relativity
—“By 1922 Einstein had been nominated about fifty times —most were for his
relativity theories.”
Questions & Answers & Comments
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COSMOLOGY ARTICLES, etc:
(2016 June) FREE DOWNLOAD details:
DSSU Validated by Redshift Theory and Structural Evidence,
Physics Essays, Vol.28, No.4, p455-473 (2015 Dec)
—Delivers the coup de grâce to the Big Bang.
Abstract & Links.
Both Reviewers enthusiastically endorsed this "well-written and incisive
article."
The Dynamic Steady State Universe.
This work brings together the main pieces of the cosmic
puzzle in a step-by-step construction of the Natural Universe.
Published in Physics
Essays Vol.27 No.2 (2014 June issue) (PDF download) "... the arguments
are well-made. The article is competent, enjoyable and readable." —Reviewer
for Physics Essays Journal
Revolutionary:
Olbers’
Paradox Resolved for the Infinite Non-Expanding Universe, American Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics
Vol.4, No.1, (2016 January).
Abstract & links.
Reprint PDF.
Excerpts:
● “The man accredited with discovering universe expansion did not believe
that the universe was expanding. Hubble was convinced that the key evidence,
the cosmic redshift, was caused by some other factor, something more
fundamental than mere expansion.”
● “With the recent discovery of a new cosmic-redshift mechanism, and its
theoretical validation, it turns out that Hubble was right.”
● Explains how “an infinite, non-expanding, perpetually regenerating
universe" is able to predict a dark night sky.
Cosmic Redshift in the Nonexpanding Cellular Universe (
Journal links
) —details the actual causal mechanism. Published in the
American Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol.2, No.5 (2014)
Abstract.
Local copy with quality images: (Reprint pdf).
HIGHLIGHTS:
• Entirely new concept for cosmic redshift mechanism;
• Retains the foundation premise of all modern cosmology;
• But does not require whole-universe expansion;
• A redshift based on the DSSU theory of unified gravity & cosmic cellular
structure;
• Remarkable agreement with independently established redshift distances.
The Cosmology Debate That Never Happened
What historians call "the greatest cosmological debate in
history” was between TWO expanding universes —two
hypothetical models that share the same, I repeat, the same
foundational property! If one is to claim some great clash of ideas (let
alone the "greatest") then surely there must exist some deep dividing
difference! (Posted 2011-10)
The Case for a Cellular Universe
—the Story of a Baffling Omission in Modern Cosmology (Rev2014)
Large-Scale Structure of the Dynamic Steady State Universe published in
the American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol.4, No.6,
2016, pp.65-77.
Astract and Links.
Highlights:
■ Presents the first 2 of the 4 main postulates that define the DSSU.
■ Space-medium expansion and contraction are perpetually held in balance,
thus ensuring a non-expanding universe.
■ Explains how the two dynamic processes of the DSSU’s space medium sustain
the cellular structure responsible for the pattern of matter distribution in
our Universe.
Galaxy Morphology:
Ellipticity, Its Origin & Progression in Comoving Galaxies, American Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics,
AJAA, Vol.3, No.2, 2015.
Journal
Abstract and Links.
Local
high-resolution PDF.
HTML version available from AJAA here.
HIGHLIGHTS:
• Provides the first-ever natural explanation for the cause of the
elliptical shape of nonrotating galaxies
• Retains the foundation premise of all modern cosmology but rejects the
absurd concept of whole-universe expansion
• Takes full advantage of the universe’s cosmic cellular structure and
exploits the DSSU theory of unified gravity domains
• Amazingly, the mechanism that stretches galaxies turns out to be the very
same mechanism that causes the cosmic spectral redshift!
Cosmic-Redshift Distance Law Without c
Without H –Comments &
Links– Simplifying the redshift-distance formula by removing the
speed-of-light constant and the Hubble parameter —while maintaining
agreement with observational evidence.
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DSSU Theory:
DSSU Validated by Redshift Theory and Structural Evidence,
Physics Essays, Vol.28, No.4, p455-473 (2015 Dec)
—Delivers the coup de grâce to the Big Bang.
Abstract & Links.
Both Reviewers enthusiastically endorsed this "well-written and incisive
article."
A historical tour of
universes culminating with the Natural Universe —This
essay gives a thematic tour of historical and modern universes. ... While the Universe
is endlessly speaking, forever sending signals; philosophers and scientists
listen and interpret.
Currently undergoing revision and updating: Theoretical Foundation and Pillars of the Dynamic Steady State Universe —The first complete presentation of all four
postulates of DSSU theory. A powerful paper that resolves the
cause-of-causes paradox, explains the non-independent nature of time, and
reveals the 'supreme advantage'. It includes a concise comparison with
standard cosmology focusing on real-world viability.
The Fundamental Process of Energy —A Qualitative Unification of
Energy, Mass, and Gravity. (Abstract
& Reviews & Links) … This article reveals
the secret behind photon confinement. (Contains only a bare minimum of mathematics
and mainly in one of the 14 sections.)
PART 1 published in
Infinite Energy Magazine Issue #113 (Jan/Feb 2014)
PART 2 published in
Infinite Energy Magazine Issue
#114 (Mar/Apr 2014)
Headlined as:
A "Conceptual Unification of Energy, Mass and Gravity"

Dynamic Cosmic Cell
—The Structural Component of the DSSU —Animated image and discussion
of the self-sustaining, self-balancing system.
Unified Gravitation Cells
of the DSSU —Constructing the Universe with Cosmic Gravity Cells
Aether Flow
Equations and Expansion-Contraction Rates (pdf) —This paper
explores the mathematical aspects of the two space-medium postulates of DSSU
theory —and uncovers some profound consequences.
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ARTICLES on AETHER:
Documentary
movie footage in which Einstein states, "There exists an aether"
—High
resolution .mpg video.
—Low
resolution .wmv video.
The
Aether Experiments and the Impact on Cosmology
—Aether was detected first in 1887 and then several more times during the
20th century. Its 21st–century "rediscovery" (in 2001) led to the long-sought causal mechanism of
gravity —a discovery which has revolutionizing cosmology.
Michelson-Morley and the
Story of the Aether Theory —Richard Milton's analysis of the
historical details involving the misrepresentation, bias, and cover-up that
hampered the Aether theory.
The History of the Aether Theory
—The historic development of the
aether as a scientific theory of the universal space medium. What started as the "fifth
element" of Antiquity becomes molded by theoretical constraints and
experimental evidence into the dual-dynamic sub-quantum medium —the Essence of the Universe.
(Updated
2019-12)
Relativity of
Time in the Aether-Space of the DSSU —How intrinsic time and relative time are related.
DSSU Relativity –The Lorentz Transformations Applied to Aether-Space —Ranzan
Reprinted by permission of Physics Essays Publication,
Physics Essays Vol.23, No.3, p520. (2010).
ABSTRACT
Physical Nature of Length Contraction
—the DSSU Theory of Length Contraction Induced by Absolute Motion.
An easy to follow examination of how the mode by which matter is “conducted”
through luminiferous aether causes the matter to contract. A simple
derivation of the mathematical expression for this physical phenomenon is
presented. There is also a brief discussion of relevant historical aspects
and of nonphysical length contraction.
Reviewer's comments:
“This is amazing …” “The paper is interesting …” –Applied Physics
Research reviewer. Published in
Applied Physics Research journal
Vol.5, No.1
(2013
Feb).
Contradiction Divides Two Aether Theories
—An exploration into the three parts of the speed-of-light postulate.
Reprinted by permission of PEP, from
Physics Essays Journal
(Vol 24, No.3, Sept, 2011)
...
ABSTRACT
Basic-level mathematical and graphical exploration of dynamic aether flow:
PDF
Here is an external webpage with an extensive list of
research papers on the aether-drift experiments, and the larger question of energy in space.
|
DSSU RESEARCH PAPERS:
Sachs-Wolfe Effect Disproof (published in in the International
Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science Vol.6, No.1, 2018.)
Abstract & links.
DSSU Cosmic Redshift-Distance Relation (htm)
—Converting the cosmic redshift into distance for our Cellular Universe using
a simple and elegant equation.
Large Scale Structure of the Dynamic Steady State Universe (pdf)
How a dual-dynamic space medium sustains the cellular structure (published in AJAA in 2016).
—Presents the postulates and implications of regional space-medium expansion and contraction.
Cosmic-Scale Structural Features Explained (pdf)
(Chapter 2 of original DSSU Manuscript)
—The Spacing of Clusters
—Sheets of Galaxies
—Supernodes
—Right-angled Walls of Galaxies.
The Cosmic Background Radiation in the DSSU
—The natural explanation of the microwave background radiation applicable to
the natural Cellular Universe.
Ellipticity, Its Origin & Progression in Comoving Galaxies,
American Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics, AJAA, Vol.3, No.2, 2015.
Journal
Abstract and Links
Local
high-resolution PDF.
HTML version available from AJAA here.
HIGHLIGHTS:
• Provides the first-ever natural explanation for the cause of the
elliptical shape of nonrotating galaxies
• Retains the foundation premise of all modern cosmology but rejects the
absurd concept of whole-universe expansion
• Takes full advantage of the universe’s cosmic cellular structure and
exploits the DSSU theory of unified gravity domains
• Amazingly, the mechanism that stretches galaxies turns out to be the very
same mechanism that causes the cosmic spectral redshift!
|
GRAVITY:
The Nature of
Gravity –How One Factor Unifies Gravity’s Convergent, Divergent, Vortex, and
Wave Effects
–Published in International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
(IJASS),
Vol.6, No.5, 2018, pp.73-92. (Abstract and Links.)
"Revolutionary"
The Nature of Gravitational Collapse
–Published in American Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics Vol.4,
No.2, 2016, pp.15-33. (Abstract and Links.)
(Note, there is a typo in AJA&A posted version in the Fig-10
caption. It should read: … acceleration is proportional to 1/r2.)
Gravity and Dark Energy (How they
Shape the Universe) –An Introduction. Provides a preamble and overview
for a couple of earlier DSSU articles.
The Processes of Gravitation –The Cause and Mechanism of Gravitation
by C. Ranzan –A revolutionary paper on gravity published in J. Mod. Phys.
Appl. Vol.2014:3 (2014).
(Abstract & Reviews & Links.
Includes link to hi-resolution PDF)
Why Copernicus Did Not Need a Force of Gravity
—Explores the question of why no one, except Newton, invoked a force. (Rev 2011-9)
First ever, journal-published paper featuring the DSSU:
The Story of Gravity and Lambda –How the Theory of Heraclitus Solved the Dark Matter Mystery
–Ranzan
Reprinted by permission of
PEP, from
Physics Essays, Vol 23, No1, p75-87 (2010 Mar).
ABSTRACT
This is the cure for the fallacious belief in cosmic-scale Dark Matter.
The Story of Gravity and Lambda –How the Theory of Heraclitus Solved the Dark Matter Mystery
(Color version) –Ranzan
Considered "an excellent contribution to the [PE journal]" --professional reviewer
(2010).
Unified Gravitation Cells of the DSSU
—Constructing the Universe with Cosmic Gravity Cells
|
RELATIVITY ARTICLES:
Why
Einstein Did Not Receive the Nobel Prize for His Theory of Relativity
(●Abstract ●Links ●Excerpts ●Extras)
—“By 1922 Einstein had been nominated about fifty times —most were for his
relativity theories.”
Einstein’s Simple Mathematical Trick –and the Illusion of a Constant Speed
of Light
(Abridged version with links to Journal-published version. Posted 2013)
Extended Relativity –Exploiting the Loopholes in Einstein's Relativity.
A Logical extension of special relativity. Reprinted by permission of
PEP,
from
Physics Essays Vol.25, No.3 (2012).
— Abstract & Links & Reviews —
The Three Components of the Speed-of-Light Postulate.
Published in Physics Essays journal Vol.26,No.1 (2013)
Local copy:
The
Three Components of the Speed-of-Light Postulate (pdf):
Absolute vs relative. Variance vs invariance. Another instance of the Heraclitian
"Harmony of Opposites." (Reprinted by permission of PEP, from
Physics Essays, Vol.26, No.1,
2013).
Relativity of Time in the Aether
Medium of the DSSU
—Absolute Motion and Intrinsic Time
Resolving a Paradox in Special Relativity –Absolute Motion and the Unified Doppler Equation.
(Posted 2011, July). Reprinted by permission of
PEP, from
Physics Essays Vol.23, No.4, p594 (2010).
ABSTRACT
How DSSU Relativity Resolves the Speed Paradox (Introductory Discussion)
—Absolute Motion Resolves a (speed) Paradox in Einstein’s Special Relativity.
(Supplementary Discussion)
DSSU Relativity –The Lorentz Transformations Applied to Aether-Space
(Posted 2011). Reprinted by permission of Physics Essays Publication,
Physics Essays Vol.23, No.3, p520. (2010).
ABSTRACT
The Key that Extends Einstein’s Relativity (Part 1)
—Response to a reviewer critical of DSSU aether-based relativity
The Key that Extends Einstein’s Relativity (Part 2)
—How to convert abstract-space equations into aether-based equations
Restoring the Physical Meaning of Energy
Published in
Applied Physics Research journal
Vol.5, No.2
(2013).
LOCAL COPY:
Restoring the Physical Meaning of Energy —distinguishing
between the apparent energy and the real energy of moving mass.
|
An Open Letter to the Scientific Community
(Published in New Scientist, May 22, 2004)
"The big bang today relies on a growing number of
hypothetical entities, things that we have never observed-- inflation, dark
matter and dark energy are the most prominent examples. Without them, there
would be a fatal contradiction between the observations made by astronomers
and the predictions of the big bang theory. In no other field of physics
would this continual recourse to new hypothetical objects be accepted as a
way of bridging the gap between theory and observation. It would, at the
least, raise serious questions about the validity of the underlying theory.
..."
continues
...
A devastating Declaration of opposition to Big Bang cosmology
signed by more than 400 Researchers.
Full text:
CosmologyStatement.org
or alternate
site.
|
INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM:
This website is mainly concerned with revisionism in cosmology. Those of us
involved in replacing the unnatural expanding-universe paradigm are aware of
the difficulties involved.
However,
other revisionists have unimaginable difficulties. Consider the ongoing
persecution of revisionists in other fields of intellectual pursuit:
"It makes you wonder —about the immense effort being made
by State and State-sponsored organizations with budgets of tens of millions
of dollars and thousands of employees and associates to smother and punish
these few men and women. Every punishing instrument imaginable is used,
every vicious slander conceivable, every flagrant and pervasive form of
censorship that law allows, including the imprisonment of simple writers for
thought crimes against the State. ... Makes you wonder." —Bradley R. Smith (2011)
"Discussing truth is so controversial, so dangerous … In most of the world it is simply illegal.”
–
Gordon Duff, Senior Editor, Veterans Today (2011)
"The further a society drifts from truth the more it will hate those who
speak it." –George Orwell
●
Pro-Freedom RADIO: Rense Radio
● Pro-Freedom NEWS:
Vanguard News
● InfoWars NEWS: InfoWars
| AlexJones
● Freedom Force
Red Pill University
for truth-seekers.
|
DEDICATION: This website is solemnly dedicated to those
individuals who have conducted research in their chosen field and have
informed others of their inquiries and suffered the consequences when
subpoenaed by the Inquisition or some variant thereof. The dedication
extends to those individuals currently imprisoned, and those facing
trial and persecution simply for exercising their basic human right of
freedom of expression supposedly granted to them under the UN Charter of
Human Rights.
"Every
year, hundreds of writers and other literary professionals around the world
are imprisoned, prosecuted, persecuted, attacked, threatened, forced into
exile or even murdered as a result of their work."
ALSO: Be aware of the continuing threat to our precious freedom of expression on the
Internet. The threat is serious and relentless. It is described as “… the formal effort to mimic Communist China’s
system of Internet censorship.” –
www.InfoWars.com
More information on threats to internet freedom: https://battleforthenet.com/
Reporter-journalist
Arthur Topham, Canadian victim of the Inquisition,
arrested (2012) for posting his research.
“Arthur Topham faces prison time for daring to speak his mind on his own website, as he
faces criminal charges under Canada’s hate crimes legislation contained in
Section 318 - 320 of the criminal code.” –Rights and Freedoms Bulletin Issue
No. 204 Feb 7, 2015.
VERDICT: Arthur Topham found “guilty” AND “not guilty” of hate speech
by a brain-dead jury!
–Dr. James Sears, reporting in “The world’s
Largest Anti-Marxist Publication” (Issue 2015 December,
http://www.yourwardnews.com/backissues.html NOTE: This website has been
taken down by court order pending appeal. --2020)
2016 Update: Panel
Discussion on The Trial of Arthur Topham
Free-speech crusader Bill Whatcott defies British Colombia
Human Rights Tribunal efforts to impose gender language tyranny.
“I have no intention on wasting money on a lawyer for the Morgane Oger vs
Bill Whatcott case, as human rights tribunals are kangaroo courts and the
odds of … getting justice in these biased tribunals is next to zero.” –2017
June (www.freenorthamerica.ca
…)
End of free speech in Britain:
A publisher of history books in Britain has reported that “due to new laws
in the UK all their books will have to be censored moving forward” to avoid
criminal penalties for “inciting racial hatred.” –The Barnes Review (2020 March/April)
p77
A hostile jury, by a hasty unanimous
verdict, decided that Nationalist Leader Jez Turner deserves to be sent to
jail for his critical views! Report (2018-5-15).
British Maverick Psychologist
jailed for publishing his research. … “The ambivalence of librarians
getting writers imprisoned quite defies comprehension.” –Simon Sheppard
(2013)
The repression of free speech in Canada has degenerated to the point where …
■ Freedom advocates, such as Marc Lemire, are censured for merely expressing
their reasoned opinions. Freedomsite, whose motto is “Fighting
for freedom against the censorship enforcers”, documents the official
persecution.
■ A tenured professor has lost his position for revealing his research and
views on history. This is unprecedented. Professor Anthony J. Hall at the
University of Lethbridge, Alberta, has been suspended (2016 October 5)
without pay.
“… Any thinking person should recognize that there is something deeply wrong
when a history professor is persecuted for saying we should be able to
examine our history.” –Monika Schaefer 2017
■ A publisher/editor, for expressing his reality-based views, has been
denied postal services. Dr. James Sears, publisher and editor of
Your Ward News was
stripped of Canada Post Mail Service by government order (2016 June).
■ A violin teacher and truth revealer, Monika Schaefer, for posting a
video (an apology to her dead mother), has been attacked by various
so-called community leaders.
“The treatment of violinist Monika Schaefer signals the end of our free
and democratic society.” –The American Herald Tribune, 2016 Sept
■ American
Speaker Arrested in Canada for the textual material on his iPad
—2017 June 24
While the invasion continues, the “guardians” of the nation are busy
suppressing the freedom of expression: going after deemed violations in what
people think and write and say.
■
Canada Claims Authority to Censor Your Internet Searches –Reason
magazine
The Persecution of Dr James Sears
■ The "justice" system is being used
to suppress opinions: In a legal battle (2018) for freedom of speech in Canada
... the
prosecution and silencing of Dr James Sears expected to cost taxpayers $20 million!
“I estimate the Board of Review, police investigating and
Crown prosecuting us on criminal matters, will cost the taxpayers over $20
million, assuming no appeals past 2018 (murderers & rapists will walk free
as huge blocks of court time bump their cases, causing them to be thrown
out).”
–Dr James Sears, Your Ward News, Fall, 2018, p17
Updates are posted at
www.yourwardnews.ca .
Update for 2019 April 8:
Why the ruling against Your Ward News hurts free speech in Canada
Updates for 2019 Aug: LINK to Several postings.
Update for 2020:
Sentenced to one year in
jail for revealing the truth.
Update for 2021 July:
POLITICAL PRISONER
James Sears.
(2021 November 18): The Canadian Association for Free Expression Honours Dr
James Sears with the 2021 George Orwell Free Speech Award
● Editor of (anti-Marxist) Your Ward News
● Brilliant satirist, researcher, writer, free speech warrior & dedicated
anti-masker
● Recently (Oct 1)
released political prisoner
(2022 February): Dr James
Sears, Editor of Your Ward News and winner of the 2021 George Orwell Free
Speech award, was
arrested at GUNPOINT (Feb 3) by three police while leaving his regular
appointment with his parole officer. Sears is now back in prison.
Protests continue.
The Continuing Struggle for Freedom
A ray of hope in the ongoing struggle for freedom. Populist and nationalist
movements around the world are gaining ascendancy over the New World Order’s
effort to establish global governance and impose tyrannical control over
every last square meter of the Earth’s surface. –The Barnes Review
Vol.23 No.1 (2017 Jan p70)
"This
Is Very Serious" –S. Molyneux, 2018-7
(7-minute
video on the importance of freedom of speech)
The ongoing fight for freedom and truth. –Just
Right Media (2020, Sept 18, program)
In repressive Germany:
Ursula Haverbeck,
89, Sentenced to 14 Months in Jail for Heresy! –2017 November
This amazing 89-year-old woman continues advocating under the dictum: "Only
the truth will set you free”.
Mrs. Haverbeck, along with her late husband, founded the education facility
Collegium Humanum in 1963, but which was banned by the Marxist thought police in
2008.
Update (2018-5-16): Ursula Haverbeck will celebrate her 90th birthday in a
German prison
cell. The sprightly grandmother is now serving a
two-year prison term without parole merely for stating a sincerely
held opinion that is supported by acclaimed academics worldwide!!
“Frau Haverbeck is now sentenced to two years in prison, merely for her
peaceful historical research” –The Barnes Review Vol.24, No.5
(Sept/Oct 2018) p71
UPDATE (2019-11):
On November 9th (2019), the very day of Ursula Haverbeck’s 91st. birthday,
hundreds of German nationalists, patriots and friends, well-wishers and
admirers rallied in her support. Report on the Rally to Celebrate
Political Prisoner Ursula Haverbeck.
Update (2020-12): This 92-year-old peaceful woman has just
been released from jail, having spent 2&1/2 years behind bars, and less than
2 weeks later was in court in Berlin for more charges ... was
again sentenced to prison!!!
INFO on Monika Schaefer's case: https://wir-sind-monika.com/
For expressing her opinion on historical events, Canadian citizen
Monika Schaefer has been arrested and imprisoned
(2018-1-3) in Germany. She had committed no crime. Author Mike Walsh warns
potential visitors to Germany to stay away from this dangerous police state.
–Merkel
Madness Grips Germany, (2018-1-7)
... Found guilty and sentenced to 10 months of imprisonment (time
served); her brother Alfred was sentenced to 38 months!! –(2018
November)
UPDATE (2019 August 10): Corruption of justice in Germany continues.
Alfred Schaefer
Receives 18 Months Additional Prison Time for Defending Himself!
Punished for simply presenting evidence for his own defense in court!
The 2022 George
Orwell Free Speech Award was presented to Alfred and Monika Schaefer,
July 30, 2022 in Vancouver.
A Response &
Appreciation of the Awards to Monika & Alfred Schaefer, by Timothy Cuish
of the Daily Rake.
For more on Freedom (and Objectivism),
visit:
Freedomain Radio (www.freedomainradio.com)
presented by Stefan Molyneux.
Just Right Media (www.justrightmedia.org)
|
... about the author ...
Curriculum Vitae
© Copyright 2005-2023 by
Conrad Ranzan & DSSU Research
For information regarding permission to reproduce selected material herein, please contact:
D S S U Research
Niagara Falls, Canada
22 years on the Internet.
Most recent update:
2023 Jan 6
Visits since mid-2010 :

2023-1-6
|
| |
Gravity and Lambda
A Story of
Opposites
In a cellular universe the story
takes an unexpected turn and reveals a counterintuitive relationship.
Conrad Ranzan
DSSU Research, Niagara Falls, Canada
Published on the Cellular Universe website (www.CellularUniverse.org )
2007; rev2010-6
URL: http://www.CellularUniverse.org/G1GravityLambda.htm
|
Unless you expect the unexpected you will never find truth, for it is hard to discover and hard to attain.
–Heraclitus |
|
CONTENTS
1. GRAVITY
2. LAMBDA: THE GENERIC EXPANSION FACTOR
3. THE TRADITIONAL STORY OF GRAVITY AND LAMBDA: OPPOSITES IN CONFLICT
4. THE NEW COSMOLOGY STORY: OPPOSITES IN HARMONY
5. IMPLICATIONS OF GRAVITY AND LAMBDA IN HARMONY
6. REFLECTIONS
7. SUMMARY
Most believe in the superficial harmony of a
universe that seems to be expanding —of a universe involved in a harmonious Hubble
expansion. Others hold that the universe is not expanding and that a
deeper, superior, harmony rules and accounts for not only its
grand structure but also for the unity of the opposites of
gravity and Lambda.
THE RANGE OF GRAVITY. One of the key differences
between the conventional cosmology of universe-wide expansion and
the new cosmology of cosmic cellularity involves the range of
gravity. Conventional cosmology, popularly called the Big Bang,
permits the effect of gravity to have an unlimited range; the New
Cosmology, in contrast, imposes a strict limit to gravity’s reach. In
the Big Bang (BB) model of the universe every particle, every star, and
every galaxy has a gravitational influence on every other particle, star,
and galaxy. Everything “pulls” on everything else in accordance with the
inverse-square law. For example, the gravitational pull of our Sun on a
distant object decreases with the inverse of the square of the distance; as
the distance to the object approaches infinity, the strength of the Sun’s pull
on it approaches
zero. But it never becomes zero. It means that conventional gravity’s reach
has no limit. In terms of general relativity we would say that the Sun’s
matter curves space (or spacetime) and contributes to the curvature of the entire universe.
However, this is not the case in our Cellular Universe.
The reach of gravity of any particle, star, and galaxy has strict limits.
CAUSE OF GRAVITATION. There is another important difference. Often
overlooked is the fact that neither Newton’s theory of gravity nor
Einstein’s general relativity theory includes an all-important cause
of gravitation. Newton’s gravity theory describes in mathematical
terms the forces in a gravitational system —but not what causes
the forces. The question, “What causes matter to grab a hold of other
matter?” is left unanswered. As for Einstein’s gravity theory, although it
uses a more advanced mathematical
method (something called metric curvature) to describe the gravitational effect with
admirable
precision, the causative mechanism by which matter attracts other matter
is, once again, absent. Remarkably, both of these famous gravity theories
are incomplete! ... In the second year of the present millennium the cause
of gravitation which had eluded theorists for centuries was discovered by
an Australian physicist. This remarkable achievement may yet become known
as the greatest astrophysics discovery of the present age encompassing the
20th and 21st centuries. (The cause was also found
independently in that same year, 2002, during the development of the
Dynamic Steady State Universe theory.) And here is the big difference:
BB cosmology has not yet incorporated this key component. The New
Cosmology makes full use of the cause of gravitation.
Before describing the mysterious Lambda effect, the
key role of gravity must be emphasized. Gravity is, because of its
cumulative nature, far the most powerful effect in all Nature. For an
understanding of the Universe, there is nothing of greater importance than
a comprehensive fully-functional theory of gravity. The description of
gravity is critically important because, whatever it may be, it ends up at
the very heart of the theory of the Cosmos. Consequently, if one’s theory
of gravity lacks a causative mechanism then the associated universe model
will be flawed, or incomplete at best.
GENERIC LAMBDA. The lack of a modus operandi for the gravitational
force of Newton’s theory, or the lack of a physical meaning of positive
curvature of space of Einstein’s theory, did not in any way prevent
cosmologists and philosophers from constructing models of the Universe. But
the problems were formidable. For one thing, ‘limitless’ gravity, it
seemed, was too powerful. Almost invariably, theorists found that they
needed to tame this universal and domineering ‘force’ tending to crush
everything in the cosmos into some doomsday black hole. Such unrestricted
gravity would preclude any sort of realistic functional universe. In the attempts to address this
problem, theorists over the years have postulated various ways of counteracting the effect of
gravity. They have, at one time or another, invoked: a new force, some
mysterious energy, a dynamic effect, and more curved geometry —all with the
express purpose of opposing gravity. And they all share a wonderfully
simplifying commonality.
The variously proposed opposites of gravity all produce the
same result as can be had with what is loosely referred to as space expansion. Each
could be replaced by some appropriate degree of space-medium growth. Space,
or space-medium, expansion is like a generic cosmological constant (the
"cosmological constant" being the
famous factor used in the first general-relativity model of the universe).
In the light of "space" expansion the cosmological constant or Lambda loses
much of its mysterious nature. It is equivalent to a straightforward
concept.
Lambda, symbolized by the Greek letter Λ, is the generic name herein
given to any cosmic phenomenon that opposes gravity. And as it is applied
to the various posited opposites of gravity, it really doesn’t matter how
"space" is defined. Generic Lambda simply means there is more and more
of it. If we think of gravity as decreasing the space between cosmic
objects, then Λ is the effect increasing the space.
HISTORIC EXAMPLES OF USE OF LAMBDA. Lambda made its first appearance in
1917 when Albert Einstein used it in a failed attempt to model a static
universe. At that time in the history of the science of cosmology, the
universe was believed to be static on the large scale. In his famous
universe model, based on his recently developed theory of general
relativity, the generic Lambda was called the cosmological constant.
It functioned as a new kind of force —a cosmic repulsion effect. Since
Einstein denied (or ignored) the existence of a space medium, he found it necessary to
create this new effect. Nevertheless, his Λ force, as it
tended to increase the distances between galaxies, behaved
exactly as if space itself was expanding. The model had generic space
expansion.
So why didn’t the model work? It didn’t work because it involved an
unscientific extrapolation. General relativity, it must be understood, is a
powerful mathematical theory of local dynamic space —not
universal dynamic space. General relativity is not a theory of the
universe and cannot serve as such. Whenever attempts are made to
substitute general relativity for a theory of the greater universe, that
is, whenever it is applied to the universe as a whole, serious problems
arise. Thus, when Einstein used the relativity theory to formulate his 1917
model he needed some contrived component to give it stability. And so he
introduced his cosmological constant as a precise counterbalance to
all the gravity present in the universe. The picture that emerged was one
of gravity and Lambda in opposition: Gravity struggles to pull everything
in the universe together; Lambda strives to push everything in the universe
apart. But the picture failed, stability was not to be had, and Einstein
eventually abandoned the model.
Others followed the lead of Einstein and throughout this period and into
the 1920s generic Λ became a central ingredient of various universe models.
The Willem de Sitter universe (1917) used Λ as the expansion of flat
(non-curved) space. Alexander Friedmann (1922 & 1924) had his own version
of a generic Λ; he called it space curvature and used it to produce a
“space curvature” expansion of his universe (and in another version he used
Λ to produce a “space curvature” contraction). It did not represent space-medium
expansion in the absolute sense, as it does in the Dynamic Steady State
Universe (DSSU) theory, but rather, it modeled the expansion of the
esoteric kind of space used in Einstein’s general relativity —a
geometrically dynamic curved space, a purely mathematical space. But no
matter, the results are the same as if the medium itself expands.
LAMBDA WAS USED TO MODEL A BIG BANG. Georges Lemaître, instead of aiming
for harmonious stability in the universe, gave Lambda the upper hand. In
his universe (1927-29) Λ overpowers its dynamic opposite. Lambda reigns,
gravity submits. While gravity as usual pulls everything in the universe
together, Λ works even harder pushing everything apart. By “everything” we
are referring to the big stuff like galaxy clusters. Net result? ... A
really big universal explosion.
LAMBDA WAS USED TO “CORRECT” MAJOR PROBLEMS WITH THE BIG BANG. As detailed
in the historical records, the Lemaître big bang had big problems. Some of
these were of the worst kind —outright paradoxes! And so, generic Λ was
called upon “to save appearances” as it were. After considerable trial and
error, several American cosmologists, including Alan Guth and Paul
Steinhardt, and Russian experts, notably Andrei Linde, came up with a new
and improved expansion mechanism —a reformulation of generic Λ which
became known as inflation. They devised a supercharged
Λ-effect with super-fast space expansion. Hypothetically, Inflation
dominated the earliest epoch of the BB universe to such an extend that
gravity’s role was practically negligible.
We now move ahead a few years. With the Crisis of 1998, Lambda took on
the role of dark energy —the mysterious force causing an
unexpected renewed phase of, you guessed it, space expansion.
LAMBDA’S MANY GUISES. A quick review of Lambda’s better-known
manifestations. It appears as an anti-gravity force in the 1917
Einstein static universe. In the Friedmann models, Λ takes the guise of
space curvature. It appears as a hyper-lightspeed explosion
under the dictates of Inflation theory. And sometimes it appears in the
equations describing a universe model just in case it is needed; the model
might not actually need Λ (i.e., it is set to zero) but it is retained and
serves to represent some unknown force that just might permeate the cosmos.
In some theories Λ morphs into something called quintessence. And
under the auspices of current orthodoxy in cosmology, Λ rules as a
mysterious force appropriately called dark energy.
Cosmologists have enlisted Lambda in so many ways that it is sometimes
called a “fudge factor”
—a highly
useful easily-adjusted term in the equations. It is this and much more:
|
It stands for the unknown, spiritual
element that the scientist desperately hopes will make each
cosmological model more beautiful, more complete, more true.
–Corey S. Powell,
God in the Equation
(p144) |
|
In some theories Lambda shares properties with vacuum energy. Then there are theories in which Λ is named according to
its physical characteristics: negative pressure and, equivalently,
tension. Not surprisingly, a region of space that is subjected to
negative pressure EXPANDS. A region of space that is subjected to
tension EXPANDS. In the end, whatever one may choose to label it,
generic Λ is a necessary ingredient and serves as the counter-effect to gravity. And Λ in the DSSU is no
exception.
WHAT CAUSES THE EXPANSION REPRESENTED BY LAMBDA? All expanding-space
models implicitly or explicitly point to some sort of “energy in the
vacuum” or energy in space itself. Does this mean that the vacuum
energy is the cause of space expansion? Or is the action of "space," as it
expands, the cause of the vacuum energy that permeates space? Is it even
possible to determine the answer? ...
Throughout the 20th century and into the
present, the conventional view on gravity and generic Λ has been two-fold:
First, they were considered to be opposites with gravity tending to pull
things together and Λ tending to push things apart. Secondly, they were seen
to be in conflict with each other. The traditional view has been that of
two opposite effects in conflict. This view is embodied in BB
cosmology. It may seem an oversimplification, but this assessment is fundamentally
sound; the Big Bang universe is a construction in which gravity pulls
everything radially inward and Λ, as a cosmic repulsion, pushes radially
outward.
Cosmologist Edward Harrison, in his textbook Cosmology,
the Science of the Universe (p293), makes it
clear that when Lambda is positive it acts as a cosmic repulsion —a force
that opposes gravity. It “offsets the attraction of gravity.”
A schematic representation of this
view is shown in Figure 1. Although the
drawing suggests the presence of a center-point, one need not be presumed;
with or without such a center, gravity and Λ are viewed as opposing each
other.
|
 |
|
|
Figure 1.
Gravity and Lambda are treated as forces in opposition by the 20th-century cosmology. |
|
As a representation of reality, the Big Bang view —to put it
bluntly— is wrong. Although it is true that positive-valued Lambda
behaves as a cosmic repulsion it does not follow that it also acts
in opposition to gravity. Astronomers and theorists, unaware of the non
sequitur, have long assumed that the two effects oppose each other.
Unfortunately their traditional view of opposites in conflict leads to an
unanticipated riddle.
Put yourself in the shoes of a physicist. The traditional view leads you
to believe that Λ opposes gravitational clustering. But by failing to
recognize the invalid premise and accepting it into your model you will
have immediately burdened yourself with an artificial mystery. Allow me to
explain. By placing gravity and Λ in conflict with each other you are in
effect weakening the force of gravity; weakening the tendency of galaxies
to cluster; weakening the cohesion that binds clusters and superclusters.
Consequently, you will now be confronted with the task of explaining what in the world ... what in the name of heaven ... keeps any galaxy
cluster together? Astronomers have accumulated abundant observations
and theorists have the detailed calculations and together they have a sea
of data that embodies the mystery: galaxy motions within a cluster are far
too high; the cluster should be flying apart! Individual galaxies should be
fleeing the cluster. But they are not. What is it then that holds the
cluster together? The insurmountability of this problem is so enormous that
should you manage to discover the cause of cohesion while retaining the
above premise, then expect to receive a communiqué from the Nobel
selection committee.
Evidently, something must be maintaining the integrity of the clusters
and superclusters. Something is holding them together and their observable
self-gravitation is insufficient for the task. Something mysterious is
augmenting gravity. And what better way is there to solve a gravity
mystery, at least within the traditional storyline, than with some kind of unseen
mysterious material?
|
...[M]odels worked a lot better if they added
certain kinds of unseen material, or “dark matter,” into the mix. Dark
matter could provide the extra gravitational pull needed to build galaxies
and flatten out [i.e., reduce expansion of] the universe, and if its
properties were just right, it might not interfere with the [other aspects
of the BB model]. The mystery material was ... designed to amplify rather
than counteract the pull of gravity.
–Corey S. Powell,
God in the Equation
(p186‑7) |
|
Here is the insurmountable part of the problem: No
dark matter has ever been found. Although the search has been and continues
to be intensive, no lab experiment has ever produced a dark matter particle
and no detector has ever recorded one. The list of the possible candidates
for the elusive particles is perplexing and extensive: WIMPS, neutrinos, axions, photinos, neutralinos, ... . All have been more or less rejected.
Although the futility of the search is disheartening, in the long run it is
unimportant. As stated above the mystery is artificial. It actually does
not exist. Nevertheless ...
|
Nonetheless, the dark matter search goes on,
because without dark matter our picture of the universe makes no sense.
Visible matter alone cannot explain the gravitational dynamics of galaxies
and clusters of galaxies.
–Corey S. Powell, God in the Equation
(p190)
(Emphasis added) |
|
As if to deny the BB model the plausibility it so desperately seeks,
Corey Powell then pens these discouraging words: ”Even the addition of
dark matter did not solve the essential mysteries of the big bang.”
If tragedy in a story appeals to you, this comes close. With or without
dark matter, the BB model makes no sense. They (the astro-scientists) can’t
seem to figure out how the space in the universe is expanding while all the
material stuff is sticking together! ... What is going on? ...
Undoubtedly something is assisting gravity. ... It is not
dark matter.
But wait. There is something more —something unexpected and sinister,
in this sub-story of conflict. Standard cosmology has added a new
dimension to the alleged conflict between gravity and Λ. With the
Crisis of 1998 it was found that Λ does more than simply reduce the effect of
gravity —it was determined, or so they claim, that Λ completely
overpowers gravity. Λ now becomes the dominant force in the BB universe;
and not just during the big bang genesis but forever after. This new
enhanced Λ-effect is the reason that the revised model is often called the
inflationary-BB-accelerating universe —with the new emphasis on accelerating.
The conventional view that gravity and Λ are opposites in conflict will
now be challenged.
One seldom sees what one is not looking for
—saying
If one is looking for conflict in opposites, one may miss seeing their
harmony.
A simple question: Can two opposite effects amplify each
other? Consider an example for which the answer is obviously no: the two
opposite parts of a propagating wave —crests and troughs. In the simple
interference patterns of light or water waves, the crests and troughs just
cancel each other; there is no amplification. Next, consider positive and
negative electrical charges; they are obvious opposites. Depending on the
configuration of their associated electric fields they may either cancel
their combined effect or they may amplify the effect. For another example
consider the opposite poles of a magnet. A pair of “U” shaped magnets, when
aligned to demonstrate mutual attraction, represents a configuration of
opposites acting in harmony.
Hidden in the configuration of our dynamic steady state universe
lies the harmony between gravity and Lambda. These opposites do amplify
each other. As we have seen, Lambda involves the dynamic expansion of "space"
and ordinary gravity involves the dynamic contraction of "space." (These are
basic Postulates #1 and #2 of DSSU theory.) They appear to be, and really
are, opposite effects. And you will agree that in regions of expansion galaxies move apart and in regions of contraction galaxies move
closer together. It certainly sounds like these "forces" are in conflict. And yet it can be shown —and this is about as magical as the story
gets— that Lambda and gravity are actually oriented in a common
direction.
Both effects work towards a common purpose and a common
outcome. On the size-scale of greatest importance —of greatest importance for shaping our
Universe— Λ pushes matter together while ordinary
gravity (as always) pulls matter together. This harmony of forces
is made graphically clear in Figures 2 and
3.
The unexpected twist in the
story of Lambda and gravity is that the
acceleration vectors and the flow lines, which define these effects, are
all directed towards the same regional destination!
A LOOK AT THE COMOVING TRAJECTORIES IN THE CELLULAR UNIVERSE. The scale
of importance in the DSSU is the scale of its bubble-like cosmic cells
which have a nominal diameter of 300 million lightyears. I have used
hexagons as the schematic representation of such cells. The actual cosmic structures, in
general, have a non-Platonic dodecahedral shape. We may think of the flat
hexagon as being the cross-section view of a polyhedron (dodecahedron). The
space medium within the cell is dynamic and when we imagine sprinkling
galaxies into this region —like sprinkling bread crumbs onto the surface of a lazy
stream or like blowing bubbles into a gentle breeze— they will comove
with the medium into which we have placed them. The motions of the
“sprinkled galaxies” become comoving trajectories. The trajectories coincide with the Λ and
gravity vectors/flowlines in the diagrams.
Consider, for the moment, the situation in which all the matter in the
universe was somehow evenly distributed around the perimeter of each cosmic
cell. Then the Λ-effect and gravitation effect and the resulting
trajectories would be represented with a simple radial pattern as shown in
Figure 2.
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Figure 2.
Opposites in harmony. The arrows represent the direction of the Lambda
“force” (in red) and the gravitation “force” (in blue) under the
unrealistic condition in which matter is uniformly distributed within the
cell walls (yellow). The arrows also serve to indicate the direction of
movement of "space" itself and the comovement of contained objects. |
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Matter, however, is not evenly distributed. Like a beehive
honeycomb the cell ‘walls’ at midpoints have very little material, while
the cell nodes are substantially reinforced. Matter, mainly in the form of
galaxies, tends to clump together at the cosmic-cell nodes —as astronomical
observations confirm. These accumulations are naturally called galaxy clusters. Away from
the nodes we have the cell walls, or cell interfaces, which contain
considerably fewer galaxies. And these galaxies are in transit towards the
nearest node. In fact, it is the law of cosmic motion that all
galaxies obey regardless of where they originate or where we may place them
in our diagram: all follow a trajectory towards the nearest node (allowing
for the occasional momentary detour and the possibility of galactic
cannibalism).
Once again, we are able to underscore just how strongly
divergent the two cosmologies really are. In the DSSU the Lambda effect actually reinforces gravity!
No mathematical proof is required; simply look at the drawing (Figure 3)
and visualize force vectors (or simply acceleration vectors) along the
curved paths. The Λ-effect vectors are in the same general direction as the
nearest vectors representing the gravitational effect. In the DSSU, objects
subjected to either Λ or gravity will move in the same general direction.
On the cosmic-cell scale, the Λ vectors are directed towards
mass-concentration regions, as are the gravity vectors.
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Figure 3. Opposites in harmony in a dynamic
cosmic cell.
The curves are the trajectories of the movement of "space" itself and the
idealized comovement of contained objects. There is a perpetual flow;
first through the Lambda region (along the red paths); then through the
gravitating region (along
the blue paths) and into the very cores of the nodal galaxy clusters.
(The hexagon is a schematic cross-section of a single cell of the
DSSU.) |
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The DSSU picture reveals the beauty and symmetry of the harmony of
opposites. Lambda “pushes” galaxies, and any other comoving objects,
towards the cell’s interfaces where basic gravity takes over and “pulls” them in.
The direction of the vectors confirms that Lambda does indeed amplify
gravity. When it comes to holding galaxy clusters together ordinary gravity
will not do it on its own; Lambda —not dark matter— partakes in the
effort. By grasping the underlying principle, known as the harmony of
opposites, we have gained crucial insight. Heraclitus of Ephesus
(530-470 BC), the Ancient Greek originator of the theory of the
harmony of opposites and a participant in the first revolution in
cosmology, had paved the way
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Heraclitus develop[ed] a new theory ... and this is his signal
discovery: and contribution to philosophy: the real world consists in a
balanced adjustment of opposing tendencies. Behind the strife between
opposites, according to measures, there lies a hidden harmony or attunement
which is the world. –Bertrand Russell,
Wisdom of the West (p24) |
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If Heraclitus could have foreseen the future he probably would have
wondered what took us so long to apply his famous principle. And the
novelist and social critic George Orwell would have understood the human
factor in resolving the gravity-Lambda mystery: Orwell was keenly aware of
the danger of intellectual pacifism when he exhorted, “To see what is in
front of one’s nose requires a constant struggle.”
If Heraclitus could have foreseen the future he probably would have
wondered what took us so long to apply his famous principle. And the
novelist and social critic George Orwell would have understood the human
factor in resolving the gravity-Lambda mystery: Orwell was keenly aware of
the danger of intellectual pacifism when he exhorted, “To see what is in
front of one’s nose requires a constant struggle.” |
“[T]here is one way in which wisdom can be achieved, and that is by
grasping the underlying principle of things. This formula is the
harmony of opposites, but men do not recognize it, though it
manifests itself everywhere. ... If we do not recognize the formula
then no amount of learning is going to be of any use."
–Heraclitus, as interpreted by Bertrand Russell, Wisdom of the West
(p26) |
Einstein was correct in principle when in 1917 he
envisioned a universe in which Λ would exactly balance the effect of
gravitation keeping the universe motionless (non-expanding,
non-contracting). It was the pattern of the balancing dynamics that eluded
him. I do not make the following claim lightly, but it seems that it never
occurred to Einstein that he could have used Λ —even kept it positive— to
assist gravity and still have achieved the realistic goal of a static
universe.
His balanced static universe was not a success. The way Λ was used
turned out to be a formula for instability. If Einstein, however, had
fashioned Λ into a simple cellular pattern he would not only have
modeled a truly stable and quasi-static universe, he would also have
discovered the real universe —the Dynamic Steady State Universe.
As far as the quest for dark matter is concerned, it would
be naïve to think that with the elucidation of the true nature of Λ —that
in our cellular universe it acts in the same direction as gravity— the
fruitless search for mysterious dark matter and dark
energy would cease. It is not easy to argue that there simply is no dark matter; there is a dilemma in trying to prove a negative. One
can only assert, as does Professor Reginald T. Cahill, of Flinders
University, an expert in process physics:
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There is no ‘dark matter’, merely an exotic
self-interaction and annihilation process [i.e., a contraction
process] of the quantum cellular structure that is space.
–Space and Gravitation (Magister Botanicus, Vol.2, pp.13-22, 2004) |
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The quest for dark matter will continue. It will
continue mainly for two reasons. First, the unexpected discovery will be
ignored and even suppressed. Secondly, research into dark matter is funded
by government and quasi-government institutions; funding decisions are
influenced by factors often far removed from truth and reality.
For the foreseeable future expect more of the same —more speculative
mysterious-matter theories.
Nevertheless, there are profound and far-reaching implications in the
discovery that gravity and Lambda act in harmony.
For instance, consider the unusual symmetry pattern (Figure
3) of the Λ-gravity field? ...Without going into detail in this
short article, it simply means that the largest individual gravitational
fields in our Universe are not spherical; which in turn means
that the usual inverse-square law does not apply.
If we define the force of cosmic gravity at any point in space as the
mass of a test particle multiplied by its comoving acceleration (realizing
that the comoving acceleration is towards the cell interface in general and
the nodal dominant galaxy in particular), then could we not simply combine
expansionary Λ and contractile gravity into something called a
unified-cosmic-gravitation? Any point we may wish to investigate in a
typical cosmic cell is accelerating (meaning that the
space medium is in motion) towards the interface and towards the nearest node!
Indeed, all points “experience” gravitation as defined; all locations
except for certain Lagrangian neutral sites. Lambda can simply be incorporated into
a unified gravitation field. Each node with its galaxy cluster becomes the
center of its own unified gravitation field. The implications are explored
in greater detail in a related research paper.
The symmetry partly revealed by
Figure 3
may be expressing another way: All centers of gravity are surrounded by Λ
regions. Consequently, we conclude that the range of gravity is indeed
limited (as claimed in the opening discussion). Furthermore, the universe
is not random or chaotic. Gravity and Lambda manifest as the two dynamic
processes that order the universe. The order of processes imposes the order
of structure. The harmonious activity of expansion and contraction
mold our ordered Universe
—our cellular
Cosmos.
In the DSSU we see the ultimate in balance between
gravity and Λ. We see this clearly in our minds because we grasp the
underlying principle that Λ manifests as the expansion of "space" and gravity
manifests as the contraction of "space." It is a balance that maintains our
Universe’s observed structure. They are two sides of the same coin.
We see a harmony of opposites. What does institutionalized cosmology
see? ... The view of the leaders of the Supernova research teams is
representative:
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What [Saul] Perlmutter and [Brian] Schmidt see,
instead, is the ultimate in unbalance — a runaway universe, in which
galaxies race ever faster away from one another.
–Corey S. Powell, God in the Equation (p238) |
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What academic cosmology sees must, of course,
conform to the established BB religion. As Corey Powell effectively argues,
its congregation deifies Lambda as the Angel of Dark Energy. First, the Big Bang
religion provided its followers with a creation story in the form of
an exploding egg (or singularity, if you prefer); the Angel of Dark Energy now provides followers
with a doomsday scenario —a prolonged demise in which Perlmutter and
Schmidt’s speculations of accelerated expansion leads their universe towards increasing
emptiness and death by dilution. Academic cosmologists envision a rather
gloomy future.
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The [Λ dominated] accelerating
universe could create a spiritual crisis...
–Corey S. Powell, God in the Equation (p238) |
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All the while the practical crisis is very real, for
what has a beginning must also have an ending. The adherents of the
creationism cosmology, having failed in unraveling the mystery of their
creation event, now brood over the gloomy fate of their
universe.
What a blockbuster story gravity and Λ
is turning out to be! The story is leading to what must surely be the
death-blow crisis for creationism cosmology.
To the BB congregation and the non-believers, to the academics and the
amateurs, I make the following prophecy in expressing one more implication
associated with the discovery of the harmony of gravity and Λ. It is
probably this feature of DSSU theory more than any of its other equally
valid arguments that has the persuasiveness to trigger a paradigm shift in
astrophysics and usher in the Fifth Revolution in cosmology. ...
The following chart provides a convenient
comparison-summary of the ideas herein covered.
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.png) |
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Figure 4.
The role of Gravity and Lambda for two radically different cosmologies. |
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In stating, in the Figure-4 flowchart, that Einstein’s gravitation lacks a cause
I mean that there is no ‘mechanism’ (for lack of a better word) to explain
how mass distorts, or curves, Einstein’s spacetime.
The conclusion that the 20th-Century Cosmology is a problem-plagued
cosmology encompasses both the Big Bang class of models and the
historic Steady State class.
According to general relativity theory,
gravity and Lambda are the active dynamics of spacetime.
According to DSSU theory gravity and Lambda are the active dynamics of
aether-permeated space. Both theories have gravity and Lambda as similar effects
of their respective space. Both theories identify the dynamic
effects with expansion and contraction. So, what’s the difference?
The heart of the
difference
—the
profound difference—
is relational:
Opposites
in conflict versus opposites in
harmony.
* * *
For the continuation of the story
of Gravity and Λ, including its climactic finding and a more
in-depth treatment of the ideas in the above article, please see the
research paper:
The Story of Gravity and Lambda
–How the Theory of Heraclitus Solved the Dark Matter Mystery
–C. Ranzan
Reprinted by permission of Physics Essays Publication, from
Physics Essays, Vol.23, No.1, pp75-87 (2010).
* * *
This article is an open-access article
distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © by Conrad Ranzan www.CellularUniverse.org
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2007; rev2010-6
Selected Sources:
Cahill, R. T. Space and Gravitation.
Magister Botanicus, Vol.2, pp.13-22, January 2004
Posted at: http://www.mountainman.com.au/process_physics/index_of_papers.htm
Harrison, E. R. Cosmology, the Science of the Universe (Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981)
Layzer, D. Constructing the Universe, Scientific American Library (W H
Freeman & Co. New York, 1984)
Powell, C. S. God in the Equation (The Free Press, New York,
2002)
Russell, B. Wisdom of the West, Editor Paul Foulkes (Crescent
Books, Inc., & Rathbone books Limited, London, reprinted 1977 & 1978)
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